This paper applies theories and methods from modern economics and finance to new sets of historical financial data in order to study the integration and efficiency of the Scandinavian foreign exchange market. Series of the monthly prices of sight sterling bills have been collected and subjected...

In this paper we test for existence of cointegration between health expenditure and GDP using data from 19 OECD countries for the period 1960-1995. Country-by-country and panel results based on the Johansen multivariate likelihood-based inference and a new panel test for cointegration rank are...

There are few studies investigating the consequences of osteoporotic (low bone density) fractures in terms of costs and health outcomes. The purpose of this Swedish pilot study is to assess the costs and quality of life related to fractures of the hip, spine, wrist and shoulder and further to...

Background: The Fracture Intervention Trial (FIT) showed that the bisphosphonate alendronate reduces the risk of fractures in women with low bone mass in the United States. <p> Objective: To estimate the cost-effectiveness (cost per life-year gained and cost per quality-adjusted life-year, QALY,...</p>

Background <p> Economic evaluation of treatments in multiple sclerosis (MS) presents a challenge. The disease affects a number of different body functions and leads to severe disability over time, without however a strong effect on mortality. At onset, the majority of patients will have...</p>

This paper investigates the effects of different health systems on cost efficiency in inpatient health care among the OECD countries. The results indicate that public contract systems are less efficient and that public integrated health systems are more efficient than public reimbursement systems.

In this study we report an attempt to measure the value adult Swedes impute to an increased survival probability at high ages. A rating scale between the worst possible quality of life (=1) and the best possible quality of life (=10) is used to indicate the quality of life a person expects to...

The average cesarean section rate in Sweden more than doubled during the 1970s, and amounted to 12-3 percent in 1983. After that, there was a steady-state for a couple of years and towards the end of the 80s even a small decrease, to 10.9 percent in 1990. In the early 90s, there was a slight...

SUMMARY <p> Treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) has changed substantially during the past decade, as new biological disease-modifying treatments have been introduced in a field where only symptomatic pharmacological treatment had been available. The new treatments come at a high cost, between $...</p>

This paper shows that there exists a close relation between the net benefit and Fieller's methods for calculation of confidence intervals and performing hypothesis testing in cost-effectiveness analysis. The prices at which the net benefit confidence interval limits are equal to zero are...