analysis includes an estimation of changes in smoking prevalence, mortality, life expectancy, and public health expenditures by …The main objectives of this paper are to estimate the burden of tobacco-caused mortality as a whole and by main tobacco …-related diseases in Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation, and Ukraine, and to assess the distributional health impact of an increase in …

The aim of Health in All Policies (HiAP) is to bring diverse sectors together to find shared solutions; it focuses on … identifying 'win-win' or 'cobenefits' such that policy measures contribute not only to improved health outcomes but also to … consideration into the policy decision-making process of how public policies and programs affect community health and well-being. It …

World Bank's World Development Indicators. The paper provides snapshots of health financing patterns, both public and …This note analyzes levels and trends of health expenditures by country, income group, and region in the context of … overall government revenue, expenditure, and GDP trends between 1995 and 2010. The study uses available data from the World …

issue globally, undermining health gains and imposing financial and economic costs on governments and households. NCDs are … an important health challenge in the Pacific. First, (NCDs) can impose large but often preventable health, financial, and … bulk of health services. Second, risk factors in the Pacific are feeding a pipeline of potentially expensive-to-treat NCDs …

Population growth, an unfinished agenda of communicable diseases and maternal health and nutrition, and the rapid rise … of Non-communicable diseases are putting increasing strain on not just the Ministry of Health budget, but also the … current and projected future economic conditions. But many of the health burdens and costs can be avoided, or at least delayed …

This study presents two case studies, each on a current initiative of contracting for primary health services in Brazil … implementation has independently sprung from a search for more effective ways of delivering public primary health care. The two …, initially by providing a background to universal primary health care in Brazil, paying particular attention to the family health …

Universal Health Coverage is a powerful framework for a nation aiming to protect their population against health risks … health coverage and improve financial protection in the last two decades. The country study, first, takes stock of UHC … progress in Vietnam, examining both the breadth and the depth of health coverage and assessing financial protection and equity …

Indonesia launched the national health insurance program - Jaminan Kesehatan National (JKN), on January 1, 2014, and … aims to achieve universal health coverage (UHC) by 2019. Achieving UHC means not only increasing the number of people …, and quality of human resources for health (HRH). Of Indonesia?s 33 provinces, 29 do not have the WHO recommended ratio of …

dolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) is one of five areas of focus of the World Bank's reproductive health … to improve health outcomes and increase opportunities for schooling, future employment, and earnings. This brief …

for the extent to which health is prioritized by governments. World Health Organization (WHO) data estimate that, in 2011 …Countries vary widely with respect to the share of government spending on health, a metric that can serve as a proxy …, health's share of aggregate government expenditure in the 170 countries for which data were available averaged 12 percent …