States, Canada, Germany, and several other OECD countries during and after the Great Recession of 2008-09. Unemployment rates … did not change substantially in Germany, increased and remained at relatively high levels in the United States, and … increased moderately in Canada. More recent data also show that, unlike Germany and Canada, the U.S. unemployment rate remains …

Black-Scholes constant volatility assumption is violated in practice. These authors hypothesize that the volatility of the … underlying asset's return is a deterministic function of the asset price and time and develop the deterministic volatility … significance of the implied deterministic volatility function by examining the predictive and hedging performance of the DV option …