wages, and the issue of how the existence of task structures, or career ladders, affect wages becomes paramount. Using data … artifact of the data rather than an accurate description of the world. -- wages ; plant size ; occupational hierarchies …

decision. Endogeneity, selection and measurement errors of risk exposure are considered in the estimation. The estimates show …

adult per year, a drop of 4.9 percentage points in the employment-population ratio, and a rise in the shadow economy equal … to 3.8 percent of GDP. It also leads to 10 to 30 percent lower employment and value added shares in (a) retail trade and …