produced in Finland, and 58–59%, if the production is outsourced. In conclusion, the results show that outsourcing offshore is …, since the outsourcing partners create only 2% of the total value added. …

This paper explores the effects of outsourcing on employee well-being through the use of the Finnish linked employer …-employee data. The direct negative effect of outsourcing is attributable to greater job destruction and worker outflow. In terms of … perceived well-being, the winners in international outsourcing are those who are capable of performing interactive tasks (i …

of tasks. Two main channels of offshoring tasks are taken into account : offshore outsourcing and in-house offshoring … depends on the offshoring channel. Offshore outsourcing of R&D has a positive effect on the anticipated domestic employment …, whereas in-house offshoring of R&D has a negative effect. Specific for the manufacturing sector is that offshore outsourcing …

This study analyses the extent and motives of outsourcing and offshoring. We find that in early 2000, 10, 000 23, 000 …&D jobs have been relocated from Finland. Outsourcing is most commonly observed in ser-vice-related functions, but also … flexibility increases. In terms of R&D outsourcing, attempts to acquire knowledge, increase flexibility and reduce costs are …

of internationalization (in-house offshoring vs. offshore outsourcing vs. in-house expansion of R&D abroad). Moreover …This study empirically explores whether R&D offshoring affects the domestic R&D employment at the firm level. Overall … effects. In the manufacturing sector, especially in-house offshoring of R&D has a significant negative impact on the plan to …

.e., multinational enterprises and offshoring firms) contribute to occupational restructuring and to establishing the role of …