credit crunch. Evidence of an increased sovereign-bank nexus highlights risks to macro-financial stability, especially as …During the pandemic, African banks rebalanced their portfolio towards sovereign assets, and crowding out of credit to … private sector intensified. Policy support, however, averted a credit crunch. The increase in public debt across Africa due to …

. This paper provides an overview of the drivers of the stagnation of bank lending in Europe and discuss four main areas of … opportunity for mitigating potential bank lending constraints: the further development of direct capital market financing … alternatives for firms, the further development of securitisation, wider use of credit guarantee schemes and actions to address …

Using newly collected data from the EIB Bank Lending Survey, carried out by the EIB with support from the Central Bank … actions of Jordanian banks taken during COVID-19. The impact of the pandemic on credit supply has been relatively contained …