the intrinsic attributes of the commodity. It is argued that homogeneous management activities will increase the quality … socio-economic variations. In the case of the mango supply chain from Costa Rica the management differences among actors are …

Farm risk management for income stabilization is on-going issue. An applied work has been performed to measure farm … risk using a stochastic model. Risk management tools, with symmetric as well as asymmetric impacts, are then tested and …

The primary objective of supply chain management is to fulfill customer demands through the most efficient use of …