The successful literature about gravitational models stresses that bilateral trade flows among countries is influenced by GDP factors and transaction costs. In other words the mass of bilateral trade would be related to the typical demand-supply factors which explain the quantity of traded goods...

Nowadays, agri-food chains are more global than ever and are characterized by increased imports and exports and global sourcing of products, resulting in increased cross-border transaction risks. The objective of this paper is to identify the typical risks regarding agri-food supply chains...