on 1 May 2004 into the euro area. Most NMS have undergone a rapid and deep transformation in all areas with considerable … the euro area in the process of labour market and institutional reform (their labour market structures are more flexible … than those of the euro area countries). There is also some evidence that a few NMS have a significant degree of business …

This paper addresses the effects of the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) since the introduction of the euro … -- on economic and financial structures, institutions and performance. What type of changes is the euro fostering? What … forces is it setting in motion that were not there before? Six years after the launch of the euro, was an appropriate time to …

present diverse arguments and, where possible, explore the incipient empirical literature focussing on the euro area. Our …

edition of the publication u0093Bond markets and long-term interest rates in non-euro area Member States of the European Union … this third edition has been extended to include all thirteen non-euro area EU member states and two accession countries …

economies (EMEs) on configurations between the US dollar, the euro and the yen. Given the difficulty that fixed or managed US … have a statistically but also an economically significant impact on the euro, and to a lesser extent the yen against the US … the appreciation of the euro against the US dollar in recent years. Interestingly, EME policy-makers appear to have become …

This paper investigates whether comovements between euro area equity returns at national and industry level have … changed after the introduction of the euro. By adopting a regression quantile-based methodology, we find that after 1999 the … degree of comovements among euro area national equity markets has augmented. By explicitly controlling for the impact of …