This paper examines the quality of credit ratings assigned to banks in Europe and the United States by the three …, and define a new ordinal metric of rating error based on banks’ expected default frequencies. Our results suggest that … rating agencies assign more positive ratings to large banks and to those institutions more likely to provide the rating …

We study the prices that individual banks pay for liquidity (captured by borrowing rates in repos with the central bank … depend in particular on the distribution of liquidity across banks, which is calculated over time using individual banklevel … data on reserve requirements and actual holdings. Banks pay more for liquidity when positions are more imbalanced across …

This paper develops a DSGE model where banks use short-term deposits to provide firms with long-term credit. The demand …

We develop a partial adjustment model in order to estimate the factors contributing to banks’ internal target capital … ratio, lending policy and holding of securities. The model is estimated on a panel of listed euro area banks and country … specific macrovariables. Firstly, banks’ internal target capital ratios are estimated by using information on banks’ riskiness …

Banks supply payment services that underpin the smooth operation of the economy. To ensure an efficient payment system …-provided payment services. Billion dollar banks account for around ninety percent of assets in the US and those with around to billion … in assets turn out to be both the most and the least competitive in payment services, not the very largest banks. JEL …