This paper examines whether European integration, manifesting itself in increased trade and FDI linkages, new … model endogenous relationships and unveil direct and indirect effects. Trade and FDI prove to have a strong impact on …

first part of the sample. Although barriers to trade and capital controls have been removed, they did not lead to lower half …

of trade and financial openness. Using a large crosssection of 91 countries covering the period 1985-2004, we establish … two main empirical regularities. Both higher trade and financial openness i) reduce central bank?s inflation bias …

The present paper investigates the link between exports and the outward FDI stock using a panel of industries and seven …, and Rosen (1988). Estimates using system GMM estimators show that exports cause FDI but not vice versa. The long …-run elasticity of the outward FDI stock with respect to exports is 0.78 and highly significant. Separate estimates by destination …

. Based on OeNB data we have found no indication for Austrian FDI expanding outside Europe. We only observe a shift of new FDI … missed. Looking at the relationship between FDI growth on one hand and labour productivity, capital productivity and … of Austrian outward FDI. As a conclusion of the analysis in this paper, policy may have two tasks. One is to encourage …

trade and FDI are found to have significant impact on the upsurge of labour productivity growth in BRICS, where the …