The ‘standard model’ of electricity reform has been refined in many countries but not extended to others. Government is … supplanting the role of regulation. Revised calculations suggest that the benefits of UK electricity privatisation were higher … been less customer switching in some residential electricity markets. There has been significant development of fixed price …

Europe is liberalising electricity in accordance with the European Commission’s Electricity Directives. Different … unbundling. While Britain and Norway have achieved effective competition, others like Germany, Spain and France are still … Emissions Trading system could further transform the electricity industry but may be hampered by slow progress in liberalising …

transitional protection for customers and for competition. This paper reviews the arguments for and against the 28 day rule, and … protect competition. …

unbundling) of the electricity transmission system operators in Germany. The study relies on the Residual Supply Index for its … competitive concept. The analysis models some 15 effects, grouped in three categories: the competition effect, the interconnector …

The European Commission proposed to reform the Electricity and Gas Directives to improve access to transmission …, increase cross-border capacity, and fully open the electricity and gas markets. The California electricity crisis has weakened … adequate reserve capacity is risky in a competitive wholesale electricity market without suitable contracts, and unattractive …

This paper presents an analysis and defence of competition in retail electricity supply. It includes some account of …. The development of this competition illustrates a number of the themes in Israel Kirzner’s writing - for example, the … nature of competition as a process over time, the entrepreneurial and learning nature of this process, the role of marketing …

. Whereas the gas industry broke the regime of negotiated third party access, in electricity nTPA ‘worked’, although it clearly …

, regulated revenue. This paper analyses the dynamic behaviour of inefficiency for a balanced panel of 128 Norwegian electricity …

Liberalisation has had a marked effect on innovative activities in the electricity industry. R&D and patenting … activities are generally regarded respectively as innovative inputs to and outputs from technological progress. Electricity … activity in the UK electricity sector. The results indicate that electricity related patents in non-nuclear and renewable …