This paper empirically examines the effects of market size on producers' sizes in retail trade industries with many … producers. A robust prediction of oligopoly theory is that larger markets are more competitive and have lower price-cost markups …. Because producers in more competitive markets must sell more at a lower markup to recover their fixed costs, oligopoly theory …

investment goods, while shocks to both kinds of technology are the only factors which affect labor productivity in the long run … 48 percent, a new finding which suggests that technology shocks are an important source of the business cycle. …