outsourcing decisions are affected by changes in country and competitor costs. A number of interesting regularities emerge. When a … developed countries. In many cases, the measured responses to cost changes appear to correspond with outsourcing theories that …

In this paper, we develop a simple model of international outsourcing and apply it to processing trade in China. We …

correspond to an increase in outsourcing by multinationals from the United States and other Northern countries, is to shift …

U.S. manufacturing employment. Our findings suggest that offshoring by multinationals was a key driver of the observed …

Estimating the causal effect of offshoring on domestic employment is difficult because of the inherent simultaneity of …. Underlying these results is substantial heterogeneity based on offshoring margin and firm organizational structure. For example …

not accounted for by differences in workers' characteristics, occupations, nor for differences in the employers' locations …

integration of commodity markets (i.e., free trade) and international integration of factor markets (i.e., offshoring). In a two …-country, two-good, two-factor model we show that free trade and offshoring have opposite effects on rich-country workers. Free … trade hurts rich-country workers, while reducing the volatility of their wages; by contrast, offshoring benefits them, while …

effects of globalization, with offshoring to low wage countries and imports both associated with wage declines for US workers … offshoring to China has also contributed to wage declines among US workers. However, the role of trade is quantitatively much … more important. We also explore the impact of trade and offshoring on labor force participation rates. While offshoring to …