not accounted for by differences in workers' characteristics, occupations, nor for differences in the employers' locations …

U.S. manufacturing employment. Our findings suggest that offshoring by multinationals was a key driver of the observed …

-intensive industries? We provide a decomposition of US manufacturing GHG emissions and find no evidence of offshoring either to or from the …

paper estimates the effects of offshoring on productivity in US manufacturing industries between 1992 and 2000. It finds … that service offshoring has a significant positive effect on productivity in the US, accounting for around 10 percent of … labor productivity growth during this period. Offshoring material inputs also has a positive effect on productivity, but the …

correspond to an increase in outsourcing by multinationals from the United States and other Northern countries, is to shift …

Estimating the causal effect of offshoring on domestic employment is difficult because of the inherent simultaneity of …. Underlying these results is substantial heterogeneity based on offshoring margin and firm organizational structure. For example …

We identify "first generation" statistics to measure offshoring as the share of imported intermediate inputs in costs … demand and relative wages due to offshoring. A limitation of these statistics is that they cannot be used to measure the … impact on real wages, and for that purpose, we need price-based measures of offshoring. More recently, "second generation …

Ricardian model of offshoring. A unique final good is produced by combining a skilled and an unskilled product, each produced …-scarce East. Profit maximization determines both the extent of offshoring and technological progress. Offshoring induces skill … relevant case, starting from low levels, an increase in offshoring opportunities triggers a transition with falling real wages …