The article reviews legislative history and supervisory practices related to bank holding companies with a view toward understanding what Congress meant by referring to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System as the “umbrella supervisor” in the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act. The first...

A clarification of the distinction between risk and failure in assessing bank diversification, showing how increasing bank size may increase bank risk even though it lessens the probability of failure and lowers the expected loss.

An examination of whether multimarket contacts among geographically diversified bank holding companies adversely affect competition.

An exploration of the impact of multibank holding company organizational centralization on subsidiary bank efficiency, using survey data on holding company structure and a profit-function approach.

A study of how quantitative measures of the organizational centralization of 62 multibank holding companies relate to holding company profitability.

Since October 1979, market interest-rate movements have been frequent and large. Over the same time period, for a variety of reasons, competition has intensified in both bank loan and deposit markets. These developments have changed the benefits and costs of various types of asset/liability...