of 2009, including the unemployment, inflow, and outflow rates by workers of different educational attainment. We … the short term, but can cause a higher equilibrium unemployment rate in the long term. Employment subsidies succeed in … lowering the unemployment rate permanently, but the policy entails high fiscal costs. …

This paper examines the causes of the observed increase in the average duration of unemployment over the past thirty … in the generosity and coverage of unemployment insurance. We find that changes in the composition of the labor force and … institutional changes can only partially account for the longer duration of unemployment. We construct a job search model and …

risk of unemployment during recessions than are skilled workers. Moreover, unskilled workers earn less income, which limits … their ability to self-insure. We examine how this heterogeneity in unemployment risk and income translates into …

hiring and firing costs, search frictions with vacancy costs, unemployment benefits, firm entry costs, and a tax wedge …

cross-country calibration of search models of unemployment. We find that cross-country differences in job-finding rates are … unemployment and labor force participation rates to impute steady-state worker flows for twenty-three of the countries in our …

unemployment by lowering the aggregate job-finding rate. We use this framework to measure the contribution of mismatch to the … recent rise in U.S. unemployment by exploiting two sources of cross-sectional data on vacancies, JOLTS and HWOL, a new … one-third of the total observed increase in the unemployment rate, whereas geographical mismatch plays no apparent role …

The unemployment gender gap, defined as the difference between female and male unemployment rates, was positive until … 1980. This gap virtually disappeared after 1980--except during recessions, when men's unemployment rates always exceed … women's. We study the evolution of these gender differences in unemployment from a long-run perspective and over the …