This paper shows that, with (partial) irreversibility, higher uncertainty reduces the impact effect of demand shocks on … investment. Uncertainty increases real option values making firms more cautious when investing or disinvesting. This is confirmed … both numerically for a model with a rich mix of adjustment costs, time-varying uncertainty, and aggregation over investment …

Uncertainty appears to vary strongly over time, temporarily rising by up to 200% around major shocks like the Cuban … Missile crisis, the assassination of JFK and 9/11. This paper offers the first structural framework to analyze uncertainty …. The parameterized model is then used to simulate a macro uncertainty shock, which produces a rapid drop and rebound in …

Uncertainty varies strongly over time, rising by 50% to 100% in recessions and by up to 200% after major economic and … political shocks. This paper shows that higher uncertainty reduces the responsiveness of R&D to changes in business conditions … - a “caution-effect” - making it more persistent over time. Thus, uncertainty will play a critical role in shaping the …

more highly correlated; moreover, at these times, money supply positively affects financial market liquidity, albeit with a … lag of two weeks. During normal times, increases in mutual fund flows enhance stock market liquidity and trading volume …, but during financial crises, U.S. government bond funds see higher inflows, resulting in increased bond market liquidity …