destruction by increasing the entrepreneurial effort allocated to high-quality invention projects. Using detailed data on patents …

patents; however, most patent databases contain no information on whether patents have been commercialized, i.e., whether … innovations have been introduced in the market. This paper applies a new method to identify innovations in patent databases by … relating traditional patent quality indicators (patent renewal, patent equivalents and forward citations) to patent …

This paper analyzes the effect of an increase in patent scope on R&D and innovation. It presents a model where patent … duplication of R&D. The model predicts that an increase in patent scope can increase the probability of innovation if the … technology. However, when the model is extended to Stackelberg competition or licensing, the benefit of a broad patent scope to a …

U.S. patent law protects only inventions that are nontrivial advances of the prior art. The legal requirement is called … nonobviousness creates a tradeoff--raising the probability of obtaining a patent, but decreasing its value. The author shows that …

The authors geocode a data set of patents and their citation counts, including citations from abroad. This allows them … earmarks of funds for academic R&D. ; With one important exception, results using citation-weighted patents are similar to … those using unweighted patents. For example, estimates of the returns to density (jobs per square mile) are only slightly …

database on Swedish patents owned by individuals and small firms, this paper analyzes how different forms of external financing … influence the outcome when patents are commercialized. The estimations show that projects with soft government financing in the …

likelihood of patent renewal. Since the owners know more about the patents than potential external financiers, there is a problem …I apply a survival model to a detailed dataset of Swedish patents to estimate how different factors affect the … venture capital. The empirical results show that patents which have received soft government financing in the R&D-phase have a …

Using a unique database on individual Swedish patents, a survival model estimates how different factors influence the …. For external financing of patent projects and small technology-based firms, Sweden has during long time relied on … government support rather than private venture capital firms. The empirical results show that the larger share of the patent …

In this paper, I analyze the commercialization of patents in the Swedish medicine & hygiene sector. A unique database … makes it possible to use a new method, where I follow the commercialization process of individual patents. A surprisingly … commercialization, 90% of the patents are commercialized in existing firms and only 10% in new start-ups. Few patents are sold or …