This country economic memorandum shows that fiscal imbalances are key to understanding Turkey's inflation problem, and its volatile growth. Its findings suggest that the country's inability to sustain high growth can be closely linked, among many factors, to the lack of macroeconomic stability....

This study presents a detailed analysis of the system of environmental expenditure in Ukraine with a particular focus on public expenditures. It examines the extent to which the present system meets national environmental objectives and identifies ways in which it can be improved and made more...

This review aims to provide the Government of Madagascar with a situation assessment and insights and guidance on how to position the rural and environment sector as an engine for inclusive and sustainable economic growth. The review has cast the analytical net quite widely with the aim to come...

This report discusses the affects of rapid economic growth and increased urbanization on the environmental quality of the Dominican Republic's natural resource base (e.g., water resources management--water quality, quantity and watershed management and solid waste collection and disposal have...

This report provides estimates of social and financial costs of environmental damage in India from three pollution damage categories: (i) urban air pollution, including particulate matter and lead; (ii) inadequate water supply, poor sanitation, and hygiene; (iii) indoor air pollution; and four...

Global warming and changes in climate have already had observed impacts on natural ecosystems and species. Natural systems such as wetlands, mangroves, coral reefs, cloud forests, and Arctic and high-latitude ecosystems are especially vulnerable to climate-induced disturbances. However, enhanced...

This report represents a further chapter in the dialogue between the World Bank and the People's Republic of China about how to promote economic growth and protect China's environment. There are three cross-cutting issues that keep recurring throughout the analysis. These issues characterize the...

This report has been prepared by the World Bank for the Government of Romania as an output of the World Bank advisory services program on climate change and low-carbon green growth in Romania. In response to the request, the World Bank quickly mobilized a team of sectoral and climate change (CC)...

After the post-war reconstruction period that started in 1990-1992, Lebanon made spectacular improvements to repair the scars of the wars by investing heavily in public infrastructure, roads, highways, airports and harbors, communications, commercial estates, and high and middle income housing....