"One basic problem in business-cycle studies is how to deal with nonstationary time series. The market economy is an evolutionary system. Economic time series therefore contain stochastic components that are necessarily time dependent. Traditional methods of business cycle analysis, such as the...

"Campbell and Vuolteenaho (2004) and Brennan, Wang, and Xia (2004) recently argue that the value premium co-moves with investment opportunities and thus reflects rational pricing. This paper extends their analysis by showing that the ICAPM interpretation of the value premium also sheds light on...