This paper explores the interaction between exchange rate alignment and external balance for Japan and the United … factors in fostering more balanced trade between Japan and its major trading partners, including the United States. Evidence … Japan's surplus with the United States by $20 billion. …

Germany, we find that works councils affect wage growth only in combination with collective bargaining. Wage adjustments to …

provides the first empirical analysis of trade union never-membership in Germany. We show that between 54 and 59 percent of all … employees in Germany have never been members of a trade union. Individuals? probability of never-membership is significantly … Nie-Mitgliedschaft in deutschen Gewerkschaften. Wir zeigen, dass 54 bis 59 Prozent aller Beschäftigten in Deutschland …

trade. This paper uses a large and rich set of linked employer-employee data from Germany to demonstrate that these premia … von kombinierten Firmen- Beschäftigten-Daten aus Deutschland um zu zeigen, dass diese Lohnzuschläge verschwinden, wenn die …

context of Germany where the works council is the analogue of workplace unionism. Using parametric and nonparametric methods … gibt, untersuchen wir, ob dies auch in dem unterschiedlichen institutionellen Umfeld in Deutschland der Fall ist, wo statt …

empirical evidence on this firm age - wage nexus for Germany. We find that older firms pay on average higher wages for workers …-Arbeitnehmer-Datensatzes präsentieren wir erste empirische Ergebnisse für Deutschland zu diesem Zusammenhang. Wir stellen fest, dass innerhalb …

Germany from 1980 to 2004. Such a negative trend can be observed for men and women and for different groups of the workforce … variables such as age, public sector employment and being a blue collar worker (significant in western Germany only). A … decomposition analysis shows that differences in union density over time and between eastern and western Germany to a large degree …

unionization has become more and more similar in eastern and western Germany in the period 1992 to 2000. The originally high level … of union density in eastern Germany has dropped below that of western Germany, and union membership has been falling … individuals probability of union membership have converged over time between western and eastern Germany. After an assimilation …

-Arbeitnehmer-Datensatzes für Deutschland verfolgen wir Betriebe, die anfangen zu exportieren, über die Zeit. Wir zeigen, dass der …