enough to fully compensate them for expected expropriation or increased estimation risk associated with expected poor …

denominated debt as an alternative strategy to hedge currency risk, selection bias, and a possible endogeneity between hedging …

extraction and higher bankruptcy risk--can exacerbate debt agency costs. The actual impact can go either way and what matters …

policies, risk, and methods of risk management. Formal corporate governance is lower when manager ownership shares are higher … governance controls are employed. Banks with higher managerial ownership target lower default risk. Higher managerial ownership … and less-formal governance are associated with a greater reliance on cash rather than capital as a means of limiting risk …