Managers' incentives may conflict with those of shareholders or creditors, particularly at leveraged, opaque banks … risks that benefit themselves at the expense of depositors. Banks must design contracting and governance structures that … sufficiently resolve agency problems so that they can attract funding from outside shareholders and depositors. We examine banks …

structure of the debit card payment processing industry and caps debit card interchange fees for banks with over $10 billion in … increases in customer account fees. Some participants also predicted that banks would cut costs in response to the law by … fee income fell for treated banks, leading to a fall in noninterest income. We also find that banks only partially offset …

We formulate and test hypotheses about the role of bank type – small versus large, single-market versus multimarket …, and local versus nonlocal banks – in banking relationships. The conventional paradigm suggests that "community banks … Survey of Small Business Finance (SSBF), we conduct two sets of tests. First, we test for the type of bank serving as the …