The financial system is a private-public partnership coming from government ceding the right to produce means of payment with the related permission on leveraged lending services, against the acceptance of rules designed to ensure stability for both individual institutions and the financial...

There is no doubt that the shadow banking system played an important role in the global financial crisis. What is in question is whether it played a causal or merely amplifying role. This paper argues in favour of the latter. Focusing specially on the process of the production of CDOs through...

This paper examines capital adequacy regulation in Germany. After a general overview of financial regulation in Germany, the paper focuses on the most important development in the area of capital adequacy regulation from the 1930s up to the financial crisis. Two main trends are identified: a...

The presentation of financial regulation in Slovenia and its adaptation to the EU regulation reveals the importance of understanding the rationales behind the changes of the regulation and their consequences. They both depend on social and economic environment in the country, on its history, and...

The paper aims at short synthesis of the Polish regulatory framework referring to the financial sector with special attention paid to the banking system. We describe origins of the financial regulations in Poland, as well as their further evolution. Then, in the context of changes in the EU...

The paper is looking at the historical development of financial regulation in Germany. It is part of a series of papers that outline the development of financial regulation in other European countries such as France, Italy, Estonia, Slovenia, Hungary and Spain, and culminates in a synthesis...

This paper analyses the regulatory framework of the financial system in Spain. Particular attention is paid to the adoption of the EU directives and the way they have been transposed to Spain from 1986 to present, including the regulatory developments in the last few years from the onset of the...

Regulation of the banking industry in Estonia is theoretically significant in many respects. There is no clear straightforward model that would explain the evolution of the banking legislation, as all theoretical concepts are applicable for understanding the dynamics at certain periods in the...

Since deregulation in the 1980s, all advanced countries have gone along the same route increasingly shaping their financial regulations according to principles and theoretical models set out by global standard setters. Structural fragilities, failures of regulators, and short-sighted supervisors...

This paper presents the major changes in financial regulation in the United States starting with the historical background and concluding with the most recent measures contained in, or mandated by, the 2010 Dodd-Frank Act. It will present the most important changes in regulatory legislation...