innovation distinguishing between “dirty” (internal combustion engine) and “clean” (e.g. electric and hybrid) patents across 80 … tax-inclusive fuel prices. Furthermore, there is path dependence in the type of innovation both from aggregate spillovers … and from the firm's own innovation history. Using our model we simulate the increases in carbon taxes needed to allow …

This research sheds light on the role of multinational production on the type of innovation performed by firms. We … construct matched firm-patent data to measure the scope of innovation, that is the extent to which the output of R&D can be … geographically separate production from innovation focus on more specialized types of R&D. …