use induces a pollution which is accentuated by the soil fragility. We show, at the steady state, that the environmental … tax induces a more conservative farmer behavior for soil, but in some cases it can exacerbate pollution. These effects can …

is that the EKC is examined in the presence of pollution as a by product of consumption activities; also, pollution is a … environment, consumers do not consider directly pollution in the maximization problem and are assumed to choose between two … that substitution of dirty consumption with clean consumption alone is not sufficient to reduce environmental pollution …

-off between the agglomeration and dispersion forces, in the form of pollution from stationary forces, environmental policy …

local pollutant. Governments use environmental policies, i.e., an emissions standard or a tax, to control pollution and for … demand, the cost of abatement and the damage caused from pollution. Under these modes of uncertainty we derive sufficient …

production. Production exhibits increasing returns to scale on aggregate. Urban environmental pollution, as a force that …

Industrial pollution can have damaging effects on resource-based productive sectors. International trade creates …

significant increases in air pollution. In spite of recent advances in air pollution control, it remains a serious problem for … pollution emitted by motor vehicles. The empirical analysis carried out relates specifically to the Chinese context, over a …