-frame provided to least developed countries in Article 66 of TRIPS to implement its provisions. In addition, monitoring is only …

requires public intervention which can take the form of both monetary incentives but also ex ante or ex post monitoring, i ….e., before or after an accident occurs. We delineate the optimal scope of monitoring depending on whether public monitors are …

monitoring. We consider the case in which the large shareholder sits on (and controls) the supervisory board but not the …

-effectiveness of the instrument by reducing the incentive for investment and deployment of low carbon technologies. No significant … political factors and regulatory uncertainty have played a key role in the price decline. As a consequence, any reform of the EU … ETS has to deliver a mechanism that reduces such uncertainty and stabilizes expectations of market participants. The …

volatility, and management of cost uncertainty, but implementation has potential pitfalls. We argue that the best mechanism for …

one hand carbon pricing led to an increase in environmental efficiency and to a shift outwards of the technological …

We analyze the price dynamics of European allowances and international carbon credits in the second phase of the … European carbon market. We develop and use a model combining fundamental drivers associated with the demand for quotas by … installations and risk-return considerations related to the financial nature of carbon permits. We estimate it with autoregressive …

This paper aims at characterizing the conditions of wind power deployment in order to infer a carbon price level that ….5 probability. I convert this support level into a carbon price of 28 e/ton if wind power competes with coal, and 50 e/t if it …

This paper addresses the issue of whether the powers of monitoring compliance and allocating tradeable emissions … countries. Regulator(s) choose the amount of emission allowances to be issued and set the level of monitoring effort to achieve … regulators is not sufficient to justify decentralization. Nevertheless, cost differential in monitoring violations can imply …