We study whether the combined significant reduction in the pupil-teacher ratio and increase in parental education observed in Italy between the end of World War II and the end of the 1980s have had a significant impact on the educational attainment and the labor market returns of a...

"In many countries, college-bound high school seniors must pass a test or series of tests. In Israel, this requirement is known as the "Bagrut", or matriculation certificate, obtained by passing a series of subject tests. In spite of the Bagrut's value, Israeli society is marked by vast...