The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region shows high levels of unemployment rates among youth and the rate of … youth not in education, employment or training (NEET) is also among the highest in the world. In this context, one of the …

. -- Retirement ; women’s labor supply ; labor force participation ; relative cohort size ; relative wage ; part-time employment …

participation ; relative cohort size ; relative wage ; part-time employment ; bridge jobs ; baby boom …

This paper presents - in a new way of examination and portrayal - the extent and changes of nonstandard employment … central outcome is neither the complaint of the eroding "standard employment relationship" nor of its potential … "precariousness"; it is rather the requirement of increasing variability in employment relations due to rising employment …