) have been used as a means to fight high unemployment. This paper discusses the mechanisms through which ALMPs affect (un)employment … open unemployment, but also reduced regular employment. The overall policy conclusion is that ALMPs of the scale used in …. There should be a greater emphasis on holding down long-term unemployment in general and a smaller emphasis on youth …

Swedish unemployment was very low up to the early 1990s when it rose rapidly. At the same time manufacturing employment …

intensifies. We find that the better the institutions and the more competitive the banking sector, the higher the bank’s incentive …

substitute some functions of missing institutions, for example, enforcing contracts. We investigate this by setting up a model …

substitute some functions of missing institutions, for example, enforcing contracts. In a two period model, there is no contract …

positions. In a probabilistic voting model, we show that a lack of financial institutions can lead to more corruption as more … voters become part of the corrupt system. Well-functioning financial institutions, in turn, can increase the political …

The number of firm bankruptcies is surprisingly low in economies with poor institutions. We study a model of bank … institutions must improve significantly in order to yield a stable equilibrium in which the optimal number of firms is liquidated …. However, in a particular range, improving institutions may even decrease the number of bad firms liquidated. …

political pressure to reduce corruption if financial institutions are missing. Our model is based on the fact that corrupt … the rents from corruption. In a probabilistic voting model, we show that a lack of financial institutions can lead to more …-functioning financial institutions, in turn, can increase the political support for anti-corruption measures. …