public competitions brings with it a substantial wage premium (ranging from 7 to 32%). Informal networks bring with them a … wage penalty (-6.5%) in the state sector, where formal hiring methods are common, and a wage premium (6.3%) in social … in job search methods between state and private organisations explain from 50% to 100% of the conditional wage …

We evaluate the effects of international outsourcing and labor taxation on wage formation and equilibrium unemployment … in dual labor markets. Outsourcing promotes wage dispersion between the high-skilled and low-skilled workers. Higher … domestic low-skilled wage tax, higher payroll tax and lower wage tax exemption increase optimal outsourcing... …

This paper shows that outsourcing of parts of workforce in unionized firms leads to wage moderation both in the case of … strategic and flexible outsourcing and as long as the share of the outsourced workforce is not too large, this wage …

outsourcing, wage tax and tax exemption in an imperfectly competitive labour markets when labour unions and firms negotiate wages … and the impacts of labour tax progression on domestic wage setting and employment[...] …

one of the key insights from theory:effort and sabotage increase with the wage spread. Additionally, we find that even in …

Standard models of equilibrium unemployment assume exogenous labour market institutions and flexible wage determination …. This paper models wage rigidity and collective bargaining endogenously, when workers differ by observable skill and may … adopt either individualized or collective wage bargaining. In the calibrated model, a substantial fraction of workers and …