We explore the impact of mentoring of females and gender segregation on wages using alarge longitudinal data set for Portugal. Female managers can protect and mentor femaleemployees by paying them higher wages than male-led firms would do...

In Romania, the communist regime promoted an official policy of gender equality for morethan 40 years, providing equal access to education and employment, and restricting paydifferentiation based on gender. After its fall in December 1989, the promotion of equalopportunities and treatment for...