, salination of ground water, and inundation. Adaptation is the only option to address these future threats as the mitigation of CO … incorporate adaptation measures. Integrated Coastal Zone Management is proposed most often. Alternative frameworks are disaster … responsibility for dike building. However, the integration of adaptation into an organisation framework is further dependent on …

)land loss, wetland loss, protection costs and human displacement, assuming perfect adaptation based on cost-benefit analysis … of risk driving the actual response; (2) the inefficiencies of adaptation in the real world, including indecision and …. Collectively, these results illustrate an area where there are potential limits to adaptation, even when economic analysis suggests …

The effects of adaptation and mitigation on the impacts of sea level rise are studied. Without either, the impacts of …. Adaptation would reduce impacts by a factor 10 to 100. As adaptation depends on socio-economic status, the rank order of most … vulnerable countries is not the same as the rank order of most exposed countries. Adaptation would come at a minor cost compared …