Innovation policy can be a crucial component of governments' responses to crises. Because speed is a paramount … objective, crisis innovation may also require different policy tools than innovation policy in non-crisis times, raising … distinct questions and tradeoffs. In this paper, we survey the U.S. policy response to two crises where innovation was crucial …

tightening constraints on water, arable land, and other natural resources, agricultural innovation is quickly becoming the most … universities, which, historically, have been a major source of agricultural innovation, increasingly dependent on funding from … evidence on the forces that drive research and innovation in agriculture. This book aims to provides such evidence through …

-produced penicillin, antimalarials, and a flu vaccine. We draw on this episode to discuss the economics of crisis innovation. Since the …

Does regulation affect the pace and nature of innovation and if so, by how much? We build a tractable and quantifiable … sharp reduction in the firm's innovation response to exogenous demand shocks for firms just below the regulatory threshold …. We then quantitatively fit the parameters of the model to the data, finding that innovation at the macro level is about 5 …

We document that monetary policy has a substantial impact on innovation activities. After a tightening shock of 100 …-based aggregate innovation index, declines by up to 9 percent in the following 2 to 4 years. Based on previous estimates of the … sensitivity of output to innovation activities, these magnitudes imply that output could be 1 percent lower after another 5 years …