its innovation system and the interplay between the firm and the non-firm sector. We argue that, in any economy, when … generated a sub-optimal outcome. Market forces did not result in the western-style innovation system, but a hybrid one, with …-down" supply-driven allocation of resources and a reliance on external (but domestic) network of sources for innovation and capital …

This paper analyzes empirically the channels through which university research affects industry innovation. We examine … innovation systems. We find that creation of a new university department increased regional innovation activity 3-4 years later …

This paper examines the links between ownership, innovation and exporting in electronics firms in three late … trade and innovation and learning. Technology-based approaches to trade offer a plausible explanation for firm …-level exporting behavior. The econometric results (using probit) confirm the importance of foreign ownership and innovation in …

Evidence on the "funding gap" for investment innovation is surveyed. The focus is on financial market reasons for …

industry can benefit from public R&D investment to actively develop indigenous innovation. …

R&D and innovation have become much more strategic than ever before for the growth of China as well as for its global … societal upgrade. The Chinese authorities have designed an innovation strategy to face new economic and social challenges. The …

firms. This is evident from their technological performance, and innovation and patenting intensity. This structural … tendency is explained as an innovative behaviour in the French national innovation system rather than merely a 'trend'. …