Frey, Herbst and Walter (2007) (FHW), we assess herding by French equity mutual funds between 1999 and 2005. We show that …

of a contributory education scheme: The equity of access to higher education, the incentives for students and university … to be efficient, as well as the contributory equity are discussed. The article proposes finally to assess, for France …

The starting point of this paper is to consider that there is no general answer to the question of the equity of urban … the level of traffic reduction induced by tolling. Stringent tolls are more favourable to low-income motorists. Equity … improves their situation while an exemption for Paris residents is neutral. Surprisingly, it matters little for social equity …

framework combines the dimensions of economic efficiency (to manage the demand efficiently), territorial equity (guarantee of … accessibility), horizontal equity (user-pays principle), and vertical equity (welfare of most underprivileged). The application of … efficiency and equity generally reinforce themselves in their negative or positive aspects. This analysis also showed that these …