group's overall welfare (James S. Coleman, 1990). Norms require enforcement with a system of sanctions that penalize … deviations from acceptable behavior (George C. Homans, 1961). Formal sanctions include fines or restrictions implemented by a … legal system or private individuals that impose costs of money and time on the offender. However, informal sanctions such as …

punishment in a social dilemma. Emotional reaction to free-riding incites individuals to apply sanctions when they are available …. The application of sanctions activates a "virtuous emotional circle" that accompanies cooperation. Emotionally aroused …

prenante ou en cas d'appel des décisions de l'AMF. Dans ce dernier cas, les juges confirment majoritairement les sanctions …

with the invariant method. These effects are not present in a simple search model in which individuals are influenced by …

We simulate a closed rental housing market with search and matching frictions, in which both landlord and tenant agents … search accepting residences based on their idiosyncratic tastes for housing and a disagreement point derived from information … on the distribution of offers. The steady state to which the simulation evolves shows price dispersion, nonzero search …

to as a fiscal externality. Using both a calibrated structural job search model and a "suffcient statistics" method that …