in the first part of the twentieth century. It aims at showing how the organization of electricity sector and its … individual commitment in the public regulation building. Economists participate to the electricity sector re-organization by … electricity sector reforms and the links between economic history and history of economic thought. Finally, the purpose will be to …

market by taking into account the existence of possible cross-spillovers between the French carbon and the French electricity … there is no short run relationship between the electricity and carbon returns, while there is a long run relationship …. However, this relationship suffers from a disequilibrium in that the electricity price readjust in the long run. We also find …

In the economic literature it is generally found that trade openness affects environment through various channels …. While the mechanisms through which trade is associated with pollution are largely investigated theoretically and empirically …, the role played by each trade component has not yet received enough attention. This paper attempts to bridge this gap by …

combine trade, aid and investment, which may create 'lock-in' effects. China's trade and investment focus on the commodities …

This paper investigates the determinants of the shape of regional trade agreements (RTAs). Because the world is … constituted by independent political entities, international trade flows take place in a system where property rights are … unsecured and RTAs should be understood as regulation mechanisms. In this theoretical framework, trade and security issues …