's distinction between three alternative valuations of an individual position: desire (which leads to action), interest, and …'s reactivity to pleasure, and his preference for present (compared to future) pleasures. On the contrary, interest and happiness do … valuation only coincides with interest in the case of what Hume called a “calm passion”, which gives birth to the greatest …

authority decides instead to fix the nominal interest rate regardless the inflation, decreasing the level of the nominal … interest rate can rule out expectation-driven fluctuations, restore the uniqueness of steady states, but can damage the welfare …

increase in public expenditures, the risk-adjusted long-term real interest rate falls, causing the real exchange rate to …