combine trade, aid and investment, which may create 'lock-in' effects. China's trade and investment focus on the commodities … contractual relationships that link exports from Sub-Saharan Africa to China and investment by Chinese firms in Sub-Saharan Africa …, especially in oil-exporting countries. Chinese investment, however, increasingly involves other sectors, such as the …

investment incentives, which in turn may trigger relocation. As a consequence, subsidy competition increases as integration …

This paper focuses on two issues that challenge the accepted pessimistic view that regional trade agreements (RTAs … welfare analysis of an RTA affected by the endogeneity of transport costs (i.e. by the joint determination of trade quantities … free trade is achieved through RTAs? A standard model of inter and intra-industry trade is augmented by a “hub …