This paper investigates the impact of ownership structure and contractual choices on technical efficiency in the French … ownership regime and contractual practices are key determinants of performances.To test this proposition, we use an original … operators depends on the ownership regime and on the type of contract governing their transactions. …

and evaluate the impact of alternative ownership models, together with the degree of ownership concentration, on their … ownership concentration does not significantly affect a bank's profitability, a higher ownership concentration is associated … composition and funding mix, indicate a different financial intermediation model for the different ownership forms. …

, which compares with 24.1% in the United States. Excluding sales, however, the fraction of prices modified each month is … more frequent in January even when sales are excluded; (iv) sales contribute significantly to the volatility of inflation …

-stage model in which choosing between patent and trade secrecy is affected by three parameters : the patent strength defined as … whereas small innovations are always patented. Furthermore, medium innovations are patented only when patent strength is … sufficiently high. Finally, we investigate a class of licensing agreements used to settle patent disputes between patent holders …

inventors in China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan. We analyse patents issued by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office to thousands of …

particular industry - standards generate potential for market power far beyond the legal protection conferred by patents. Patent … that have fueled antitrust debates and economic research during the last decade. On the one hand, patent owners may be … a patent pool may actually be pro-competitive. After a brief introduction, we explain in the first part why, and on what …

licenses and the creation of patent commons, are a testiment to a genuinely creative use of IP law by the open source community …

model in which manufacturers must buy licenses from different patent owners in order to enter the market for differentiated …

the main strategic implications of such a complex picture. We first survey the main patent functions : innovation … protection, functions related to trade and finance, defensive roles, and patent as an input in the innovation process. We then …