Beneish, Messod Daniel; Capkun, Vedran; Fridson, Martin S. - HEC Paris (École des Hautes Études Commerciales) - 2013
While it is generally maintained that earnings management can occur to inform as well as to mislead, evidence that … earnings management informs has been scarce, and evidence that credibility increases with signal costliness inexistent. We … provide evidence that firms use discretion over financial reporting and real activities to report higher earnings on lower …