Knowledge can be classified into (i) explicit, which can be easily recorded (e.g., books) and (ii) tacit, which cannot … be always articulated. However, much of this tacit knowledge can be shared. The conversion of tacit knowledge into … explicit knowledge is called externalization. Farmers possess both kinds of knowledge. Scientists often pre-determine ignorance …

"It is so widely recognized that innovation is a key driver of economic growth that it is cliche to say so. This … article studies product innovation by firms with data from 68 countries, covering more than 25,000 firms in eight … manufacturing sectors. The author assesses the predictions of inter-disciplinary research on innovation by firms. The econometric …

"Innovation is key to technology adoption and creation, and to explaining the vast differences in productivity across … and within countries. Despite the central role of the entrepreneur in the innovation process, data limitations have … restricted standard analysis of the determinants of innovation to consideration of the role of firm characteristics. The authors …

"Fujita and Hill compare and contrast Tokyo's innovation structure with the industrial districts model and the … districts and international hub models. The authors provide key elements making up the Tokyo model--organizational knowledge …, the national system of innovation, and the historical genesis of Tokyo in Japan's political economy. They find that the …

not feel pressure (Carlin and others 2001; World Bank 2004). However, competition also appears to affect innovation in … of competition and, consequently, assesses their net impact on innovation. He finds that reducing tariffs and enacting … and enforcing competition laws modestly increases both the pressure that firms feel regarding innovation and the level of …