respiratory diseases and exposure to secondhand cigarette smoke through living in a home where people smoke. An important finding …

Cigarette consumption has been increasing in Indonesia, as in many other developing countries, causing a rising burden … of disease and premature death. Higher excise taxes have proved effective in many countries in reducing cigarette … (31 percent). Average household monthly cigarette consumption was 18 packs of 16 cigarettes. Per capita cigarette …

specifications used in the cigarette demand literature, and then selecting the best model, it estimates the real price elasticity of … cigarette demand as -0.345 and income elasticity of demand as 0.473. This inplies that a 10 percent real price increase would … cigarette packs required after 1991 appears to have no significant impact on demand. Estimates based on the shorter period of …