Patent citations added by examiners are often used indicators of technological impact and knowledge flows, despite various critiques. In this study, we analyse the distribution of examiner patent citations according to patent characteristics, to show their limitations. According to our findings,...

Most studies of patents citations focus on national or international contexts, especially contexts of high absorptive capacity, and employ examiner citations. We argue that results can vary if we take the region as the context of analysis, especially if it is a region with low absorptive...

This paper examines the underlying mechanisms of knowledge diffusion and interrelationships between formal and informal channels attending to the localisation of spillovers between university and industry. With this aim we present a historical in-depth case study centred in one of the most...

Data and its transfer is increasingly important to corporations as more companies use Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) based tools to conduct their businesses. This article addresses an insufficiently studied issue: data management in collaborative projects involving several...

The geography of knowledge flows has shown that the probability of a patent applicant rather than the examiner originating a citation depends on differences between citing and cited countries. How the characteristics of the citing country affect that probability has received less attention....

El presente paper discute y revisa los conceptos de conocimiento codificado (KC) y conocimiento tácito (KT), frecuentemente empleados como categorías contrapuestas de las modalidades de conocimiento presentes en el ámbito de la innovación. Se argumenta que ambas expresiones del conocimiento...

The analysis of social networks has  remained a crucial and yet understudied aspect of the efforts to measure Triple Helix linkages. The Triple Helix model aims toexplain, among other aspects of knowledge-based societies, “the current research system in its social context” (Etzkowitz &...

This paper shows that the features that characterize the exchange of information among individuals vary depending on the type of information exchanged (novel or specific) and the institutional affiliation of the individuals involved. It unbundles the concept of strong and weak links into three...

In this study, we analyze the determinants of biomedical scientists’ participation in various types of activities and outputs related to medical innovation. More specifically, we argue that scientists occupying brokerage positions among their contacts will in a more favorable position to...

This paper seeks to provide a better understanding of how researchers incorporate external (non-academic) influences in their research process. Firstly we advance the notion of ‘openness’ as a researcher characteristic that describes researchers’ readiness to let external stimuli modify...