manufacturing. All indicators are calculated for Germany, the Republic of Korea, the People's Republic of China, Japan and the … German export sector in order to assess the role global value chains play in strengthening Germany's position in … United States. Our results confirm that Germany is specialized in medium-range technology products and show that quality is …

differed considerably between Germany, Japan and the United States. Economic restructuring was least pronounced in the US …-producers emerged in Asia, Latin America as well as Southern and Central Europe. In addition, the automobile industries of Germany …, Japan and the United States engaged in outsourcing of relatively labor intensive segments of the value chain, especially on …