argue that migration pressure combined with informal migration patterns and incomplete information are the key determinants …, Moldova, Romania, and Ukraine. The main result is in line with our expectations: Migrant families in high-migration areas and … indicate that illegal migration increases trafficking risks and that awareness campaigns and a reduction of information …

Seasonal migration is an ever more important phenomenon worldwide, but has received little attention in empirical … research. This paper investigates the choice of seasonal versus longer-term migration on a household level. We use data from …. We also find that existing local networks of seasonal migrants are unrelated to permanent migration choice. Generally …

households increasingly diversify their livelihoods by both increased migration and more local non-farm employment. These … to migration. Low-income households increase their income share in particular from local non-farm activities through more …