on domestic productivity. The domestic R&D capital stock plays an active role in Western Europe while in the Eastern part … transition countries seem to gain more in terms of productivity from the international diffusion process than their Western …

Substantive - that have emerged in the empirical literature on international per-capita income and productivity convergence. On …

The paper concentrates on the question whether the low level of productivity in East Germany can be explained by … younger cohorts. This impedes a fast convergence in productivity between East and West Germany. …

question whether this has led to productivity gains within firms. I address this question by combining industry-level data on … offshoring and domestic outsourcing with a firm panel. I find that offshoring of non-core activities has led to productivity … gains whereas offshoring of core activities and domestic outsourcing have had no such effects. The estimated productivity …