The minimisation of the return variance is one of the classical topics of portfolio theory. One of the main difficulties of variance minimisation is the neccessary input factors- variances and covariances- of the assets of the investment universe- are unknown. Often these variances and...

Using a data set that provides unprecedented details on the stockholders of Swedish listed companies, we analyze whether investors take into account corporate governance when they select stocks. We identify the companies where shareholders’ value is less likely to be maximized by using the...